
By Aaron Allen, The Seattle Medium
A mural known as “The People’s Wall,” a powerful visual tribute to the Black Panther Party and the broader Black liberation movement, is being considered for historic landmark designation by the City of Seattle’s Department of Neighborhoods Landmarks Preservation Board in Seattle.
Painted on a concrete retaining wall at the corner of 20th Avenue and Spruce Street in the Central District, the mural was completed on Oct. 6, 1970, by artist Dion Henderson. The site sits along the eastern edge of what was once the second official headquarters of the Seattle chapter of the Black Panther Party, which operated there from 1969 to 1971.
Founded in 1966, the Black Panther Party quickly became one of the most influential and controversial political organizations in the United States. The Seattle chapter, established in 1968, was the first branch outside of California and remained active for a decade, leaving a lasting impact on the Puget Sound region.
The Central District, once the heart of Seattle’s Black community, served as a hub for organizing, activism and community-based services during that era.
Locally, the organization played a significant role in shaping community services, including the establishment of the Pacific Northwest’s first free medical clinic. That clinic continues to operate today nearby as the Carolyn Downs Family Medical Center, the only remaining health care clinic out of 13 founded by the Black Panther Party nationwide.
The People’s Wall reflects that legacy, combining national and local history through images and symbolism that capture the spirit of resistance, community and political activism of the time.
The mural features portraits of prominent Black figures such as Angela Davis, Malcolm X and Black Panther Party co-founder Huey Newton, alongside imagery inspired by the Black Panther Party’s Minister of Culture, Emory Douglas. Scenes depicted on the wall reference major moments in the movement, including political trials and clashes with law enforcement, illustrating both the struggle and resilience that defined the era.
Beyond its national symbolism, the mural also carries deep local meaning. It includes the names of several Seattle chapter members who were considered “fallen,” memorializing individuals who died young under circumstances the Panthers viewed as tied to systemic inequality, including violence, illness and incarceration.
Among those remembered are Sydney Miller, for whom the Seattle Black Panther Party’s original free medical clinic was named, and Carolyn Downs, a key figure in the clinic’s early operations. The clinic was later renamed in her honor and continues to serve the community today.
Elmer Dixon, co-founder of the Seattle chapter of the Black Panther Party, said the mural represents both a specific moment in time and a broader movement.
Dixon recalled a time of heightened tension, when Black Panther Party offices across the country were under surveillance and attack.
“The wall was actually outside of our probably most notorious office,” Dixon said. “We moved in there in the fall of 1969, and we had it painted in 1970. The fall of ’69 was when Fred Hampton was murdered in Chicago, and shortly after, offices in other cities were attacked. Even then, we continued doing the work.”
Local artist Al Doggett, a friend of Henderson, described the mural as “reflecting the story of Black American struggles and injustices the Black Panther Party was fighting to overcome.”
Royal Alley-Barnes, a former director of the city’s Office of Arts and Culture and a nationally recognized artist, said preserving sites like The People’s Wall is essential to telling a more complete history.
“The nomination is absolutely timely because we really need to save our historic spaces,” Alley-Barnes said. “The wall itself, while it doesn’t have a huge physical presence, carries a presence of purpose, of time and opportunity. When we see those kinds of historic places, we are able to acknowledge and document more precisely our full history.”
“That space represents what used to be an African-centric Black community in Seattle,” Alley-Barnes said. “It represents the era of the Panthers and the work that was done there, including programs that helped save children’s lives.”
The Landmarks Preservation Board will consider the nomination of The People’s Wall, located at 1919 E Spruce St., during a meeting scheduled for April 15, 2026, at 3:30 p.m.
Members of the public may attend the meeting in person at the Boards and Commissions Room at Seattle City Hall, 600 Fourth Ave., or participate remotely using information provided in the meeting agenda, which will be posted on the Seattle Department of Neighborhoods website approximately one week in advance.
The public is invited to provide comment on the nomination. Individuals may sign up to speak for up to two minutes beginning two hours before the meeting start time. Written comments will also be accepted through April 14 at 3:30 p.m. via email at erin.doherty@seattle.gov or by mail to the Seattle Landmarks Preservation Board, Seattle Department of Neighborhoods, P.O. Box 94649, Seattle, WA 98124-4649.
A copy of the landmark nomination is available on the Seattle Department of Neighborhoods website.
The nomination comes at a time when conversations about historical preservation and representation continue to evolve, particularly as communities seek to recognize sites tied to civil rights and social justice movements.
For Dixon, the mural’s preservation is about more than history. It is about ensuring that future generations understand the struggles and contributions that shaped the community.
“It was a very significant moment in time when Dion Henderson painted the wall in 1970. And to have it nominated just goes further to preserve our legacy,” Dixon said. “That we were a group of freedom fighters standing up to fascism, and it’s important today that people realize that if we could stand up against Tricky Dick Nixon and J. Edgar Hoover and his henchman George Mitchell, that people today can stand up against the bullies and paper tigers in the White House.”























